Modernization was at the peak of its power in the early and mid-1960s.As an intellectual theory,it integrated research across social science disciplines.As a political ideology,it shaped the direction of Western efforts to promote development and fired the imagination of liberals hoping to raise living standards,stimulate economic growth,and promote democratic institutions throughout the postcolonial world.Yet,over the next fifteen years,modernization was largely discredited in academic discourse and public policy.Why was a concept with such great appeal so quickly disavowed and repudiated? What forces led to modernization s collapse,and why did a neoliberal vision ultimately come to supercede it by the early 1980s?……
